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In American English, we answer the phone stating "This is ..." In British English, it's common to answer the phone by stating the telephone number. The phrase "This is ..." is used only on the telephone to substitute the phrase "My name is ..." which is not used to answer the telephone.
在美式英语中，我们接的电话说“这是……”，在英式英语中，通常是说电话号码来接电话。“这是……”这个短语只在电话上用来代替“我的名字是……”这个短语不用于接听电话。
Asking Who Is on the Telephone
询问谁在打电话
Sometimes, you'll need to find out who is calling. Ask them politely for this information:
有时候，你需要知道是谁打来的。你可以礼貌地向他们询问这些信息：
Excuse me, who is this?
对不起，这是谁？
May (Can) I ask who is calling, please?
请问是谁打来的？
Asking for Someone
请求某人
At other times, you'll need to speak to someone else. This is especially true when you telephone a business. Here are some examples:
其他时候，你需要和另一个人通话。当你打电话给一家公司时尤其如此。以下是一些例子：
Can I have extension 321? (extensions are internal numbers at a company)
我可以接321分机吗？（分机号是公司的内部编号）
Could I speak to...? (Can I - more informal / May I - more formal)
我能和……说话吗？（我可以-更非正式/我可以-更正式吗）
Is Jack in? (informal idiom meaning: Is Jack in the office?
杰克在吗？（非正式用语的意义：杰克在办公室吗？)
Connecting Someone
转接某人
If you answer the phone, you might need to connect the caller to someone at your business. Here are some useful phrases:
如果你接了电话，你可能需要帮助来电者接通公司的人员。以下是一些有用的短语：
I'll put you through (put through - phrasal verb meaning 'connect')
我帮你接通（接通-短语动词意思是“连接”）。
Can you hold the line? Can you hold on a moment?
你能别挂断吗？你能稍等一下吗？
When Someone Is Not Available
当某人不在时
These phrases can be used to express that someone is not available to speak on the telephone.
这些短语可以用来表示某人暂时不能接电话时使用。
I'm afraid ... is not available at the moment.
我恐怕....此刻他很忙。
The line is busy... (when the extension requested is being used)
电话占线…（使用请求分机拨号时使用）
Mr. Jackson isn't in... Mr. Jackson is out at the moment...
杰克逊先生不在…杰克逊先生现在出去了…
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