托福听力精听讲解（37）

来源：广州从化区新东方雅思托福培训时间：2022/12/16 10:37:30

　　为同学们整理了托福听力精听讲解整理，供考生参考学习。

　　听力填空

　　回复填空答案格式如下：1____2____3____...et.al.

　　Today I want to talk about the Earth's last major____________shift, at the end of thelast ____________. But first, let's backup a moment and review what we know about climatic change in general. First, wedefined "climate" as____________patterns ofweather over significant periods of time. In general, changes in climate occurwhen the energy balance of the Earth is____________. Solar energy enters the Earth's atmosphere aslight and is____________by the Earth'ssurface as heat. Land, water, and ice each affect this energy exchangedifferently. The system is so complex that, to date, our best computer modelsare only and are notsophisticated enough to test ____________about the causes ofclimatic change.

       Of course, that doesn't keep us from____________. For instance, volcanic activity is one mechanismthat might affect climatic change. When large volcanoes erupt, they tons of particlesinto the upper atmosphere, where the particles then reflect light. Since lesslight is entering the system of energy exchange, the result would be a____________of the Earth's surface.Of course, this is just one possible mechanism of global climate change. In allprobability, a complete explanation would involve several different mechanismsoperating at the same time.

　　【填空答案】

　　climatic: adj. connected with the weather in a particular area 气候的

　　iceage: one of the long periods of time, thousands of years ago, when ice covered many northern countries 冰川期，冰河时代

　　consistent: adj. always having the same beliefs, behavior, attitudes, quality etc(信仰、行为、态度、品质等)一贯的，一致的;始终如一的

　　disturb: v. to interrupt someone so that they cannot continue what they are doing by asking a question, making a noise etc 干扰，打扰;使中断

　　radiate: v. if something radiates light or heat, or if light or heat radiates from something, it is sent out in all directions 辐射(光或热);(向四面八方)发射

　　crude: adj. not developed to a high standard or made with great skill 粗制的

　　approximation: n. [C]a number, amount etc that is not exact, but is almost correct 概算，近似值

　　hypothesis: n. [C]pluralhypotheses, an idea that is suggested as a possible way of explaining a situation, proving and idea etc, which has not yet been shown to be true 假设，假说

　　speculate: v. to think or talk about the possible causes or effects of something without knowing all the facts or details 猜测，推测

　　disperse: v. if something disperses or is dispersed, it spreads over a wide area(使)消散;(使)分散

　　cooling: n.[U]the process of becoming cooler; a falling temperature 冷却

　　【听力原文】

　　Today I want to talk about the Earth's last major climatic shift, at the end of the last ice age.

　　But first, let's back up a moment and review what we know about climatic change in general. First,

　　we defined "climate" as consistent patterns of weather over significant periods of time.

　　In general, changes in climate occur when the energy balance of the Earth is disturbed. Solar

　　energy enters the Earth's atmosphere as light and is radiated by the Earth's surface as heat. Land,

　　water, and ice each affect this energy exchange differently. The system is so complex that, to date,

　　our best computer models are only crude approximations and are not sophisticated enough to test

　　hypotheses about the causes of climatic change.

　　Of course, that doesn't keep us from speculating. For instance, volcanic activity is one mechanism

　　that might affect climatic change. When large volcanoes erupt, they disperse tons of particles into

　　the upper atmosphere, where the particles then reflect light. Since less light is entering the system

　　of energy exchange, the result would be a cooling of the Earth's surface.

　　Of course, this is just one possible mechanism of global climate change. In all probability,

　　a complete explanation would involve several different mechanisms operating at the same time.

　　【参考译文】

　　今天，我想谈论在较后一个冰河时代结束时，地球上的较后一个主要的气候转变。

　　但首先，让我们回顾一下我们知道的一般气候变化。首先，我们定义为一致的天气模式，超过时间的重要时期“气候”。

　　在一般情况下，在气候发生变化时，地球的能量平衡被打破。太阳能能源作为光进入地球大气层，并以热是由地球表面的辐射。土地，水和冰相互影响这种能量交换不同。该系统是如此复杂，迄今为止，我们的。较优的计算机模型是唯|一的原油的近似值，是不世故，足够的，以测试的关于气候变化的原因的假说。

　　当然，这并不阻止投机我们。例如，火山活动是一种机制可能影响气候变化。当大的火山爆发，他们分散吨颗粒上层大气中，其中的粒子，然后反射光线。由于光线越少进入系统能量交换，其结果将是地球表面的冷却。

　　当然，这仅仅是一个气候变化的可能机制。在所有的可能性，一个完整的解释，会涉及到几个不同的机制。

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