2021考研英语阅读理解之细节题解题方法

一、细节题定位句正向解题

简单上手好操作：简单的细节题，就是大家能够用题干关键词定位，定位处解题。但是定位句也有不同的难度区分。定位句简单，直接匹配出答案;定位句复杂，主干来解题;少部分需要理解句子，按照意思来解题。

如下例题：

(2016年text4)From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.

38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will ____.

[A] become increasingly clear

[B] focus on materialistic issues

[C] depend largely on political preferences

[D] reach almost all aspects of American life

解析：本题为细节题。利用题干关键词定位可使用替代性比较低的短语priorities and expectations定位长难句中划线部分直接匹配出答案选择D。

二、细节题定位句只能排除

难度稍稍有上升：稍有难度细节题，题干关键词来定位，定位句处只能排除选项。很多同学定位到答案句，大致浏览进行匹配无法定位就会慌了。但是大家记得，有时细节题定位句确实无正解，但是有时幸运的是也能帮我们排除一些选项。排除时，或是通过相关内容搭配，或是通过感情基调或是通过句意。

如下例题：

No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.

37. According to Paragraph 2, the recession has made people_____.

[A]realize the national dream

[B]struggle against each other

[C]challenge their lifestyle

[D]reconsider their lifestyle

解析：本题为细节题。利用题干关键词定位划线句子，看到关键短语better off，感情基调积极向上，可以排除BC。A通过选项national dream定位后一句话排除，原文是it has awoken us from our national fever dream，选项是realize。D为正确选项，来源于文章中后一句At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.

三、细节题无法定位答案句

大家怕的应该是细节题找不到答案句，这种细节题确实会有些难，但是也不是的难。如果还没有定位到答案句的时候，大家要记得我们可以从选项反向排除。选项排除的细节题，可以从简单的选项入手，即好定位的选项，反向敲定答案。

四、细节题干扰项明显特征

如果遇到难的细节题需要选项反向排除，我们要善于总结细节题错误选项特征。帮我们排除，总结好的错误特征如下，赶紧记在小本本上吧：

² 非定位处，其他位置细节词

² 东拼西凑，信息杂糅

² 张冠李戴，搭配不当

² 无中生有，胡编乱造

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