英语判断词性的方法

来源：南京美联英语时间：2020/2/14 20:05:54

选词填空在四级考试中占据百分之五的比重，虽说分支看似不大，但是这一部分如果把握住技巧，拿分却是相对容易的，下面小编告诉你英语判断词性的方法，大家一起来看看吧!
 

英语判断词性的方法：
 

判断名词

名词一般充当主语、宾语或表语。常见结构为：

结构1：冠词+_______。

结构2：形容词+_______。

结构3：及物动词+_______。名词充当动词的宾语。

结构4：介词+_______。名词充当介词的宾语。

例：Although these educators may have (及物动词) good (形容词) _______, their advice to families is misguided, and it stems from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition.

判断动词

动词可充当任何成分：动词一般作谓语，其分词结构和不定式结构可作主语、宾语、定语、状语或补语。常见结构为：

结构1：名词+_______+名词。空格前的名词作主语，空格后的名词作宾语，所填词充当谓语动词，且为及物动词。

结构2：名词+_______(+副词/介词)。空格前的名词作主语，所填词充当谓语动词，且为不及物动词。

结构3：have/has/had/be+_______。空格处为动词的分词形式，与have/has/had构成完成时态;与be构成进行时态或被动语态。

结构4：(连词+)_______+其它非主要成分，+一个结构完整的句子。空格处很可能为动词过去分词或现在分词作状语。过去分词表示与其逻辑主语是被动关系;现在分词表示与其逻辑主语是主动关系。

例：Since children (主语) from poor families often are (助动词) _______ as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate.

判断形容词

形容词一般充当定语、表语或补语。常见结构为：

结构1：(不定冠词/定冠词+)_______+名词。形容词作定语修饰名词。

结构2：be/get等系动词(+副词)+_______。形容词作表语。

结构3：make等使役动词+名词+_______。形容词作宾语补足语。

例：Teachers consider learning two languages to be (系动词) too (副词) _______ for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.

判断副词

副词一般充当状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。常见结构为：

结构1：_______+动词，或者动词+_______，句中主谓宾齐全。副词修饰动词。

结构2：_______+形容词，或者形容词+_______，句中主谓宾齐全。副词修饰形容词。

结构3：_______，+一个结构完整的句子。副词作状语，修饰整个句子。

例：Educators may fear that children (主语) hearing two languages will become (系动词) _______ confused (形容词，作表语) and thus their language development will be delayed.
 

 

判断英语词性的方法：
 

一.怎样确定名词：一般情况下在下列结构中我们可确定所缺空应为名词

◇1.a/an/the +(adj.)+ 名词; a/the book; the rich the disabled the Smiths

◇2.adj.+名词; a big stone; a long river; interesting books
◇3.adv.+ adj.+名词; a very honest boy
◇4.介词+名词; in the room; under construction
◇5.形容词性物主代词+名词; my surprise; his honesty
◇6. 数词+名词; five girls;

◇7.缺的词在句中为主语，表语，宾语时多为名词。 They have books.

及时练习1：

1.There has been a 30% growth in the ____(市场) for personal computers. 3.He has discovered a lot of ___________ (发现) in science .

5.I am sorry that I can’t attend the __________(讲座) on American history . 6.She started as a successful merchant but ended up as a __________(乞丐). 7.There was a surprised _____________(表情)on her face .

8.Our city has experienced great ___________(变化)in the past few years 9.Please give my _________(祝贺)when you see her .

10.Jack took a deep _____________ (呼吸)and then dived into the water. 11.Oliver was unable to give police a ______________(描述)of his attack . 12.The car was a ____________(廉价货)at the price.

及时练习2：指出下列文中的名词：

In the early 1990s, the word “Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind(人类).

Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute.

Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at.

We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, visiting chat rooms or surfing (浏览)websites. There are some games for free. We can meet new and interesting people in the chat now. We can also listen to music and see films.

二.怎样确定名词的单数或复数;可数或不可数

§ 确定名词单数或复数的方法：

1.由名词前面的数词: 1. I have several ______ (书) on the shelf. 2. This bus can carry 60 (乘客).

2.由名词后的动词单数或复数(即主谓一致): The _____ (建议) are reasonable and some of us will accept them.

3.由句意: Our ______ (教授) held a meeting about how to improve our English.

What is the best-known chain of fast-food (餐馆)in the world.

※及时练习3：判断下列名词正误：

1. They often have fish, meat and vegetable for supper. 2. Mrs. Smith gets well along with her neighbor. 3. They had only three meal of soup every day.

4. Dickens wrote Oliver Twist in the year 1837 - 1838. 5. His new play was a great succeed.

6. The animals are useful to the desert people in many way.

7. As he explored the sea，he took picture and videos of many thing that people had never seen before.

8. They were given kinds of breakfast，and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.

9. School child walked with their shirts，coats and anything else they could find pulled up over their nose.

10. The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over disease. 11. Too many trees have been cut this years.

12. They use camels for carrying water，food，tents and another things.

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