雅思写作之环境类词汇盘点 1.Ecological Footprint:The impact of an individual or community on the environment,measured in terms of resources consumed. 生态足迹，生态脚印(人类活动对于地球生态系统影响的指标)。名词性短语 2.Biodiversity:The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat. 生物多样性。名词 3.Mitigation:Actions or strategies to reduce or prevent the harmful effects of human activities on the environment. 减轻，缓和。名词。常见搭配：climate change mitigation气候变化的减缓，mitigation measure补救措施，risk mitigation风险消减 4.Sustainable Development:Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. 可持续发展。名词 5.Deforestation:The action of clearing a wide area of trees. 毁林，滥伐森林。名词。常见搭配：rate of deforestation森林砍伐率 6.Carbon Sequestration:The capture and long-term storage of carbon dioxide to mitigate global warming. 碳固定，碳封存。名词性短语 7.Erosion:The process by which soil and rock are worn away by natural forces such as wind or water. 侵蚀，削弱。名词。常见搭配：water and soil erosion水土流失 8.Renewable Energy:Energy derived from sources that are naturally replenished,such as sunlight,wind,and rain. 可再生能源。名词性短语。 9.Ozone Depletion:The thinning of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere,often caused by human-made chemicals. 臭氧损耗。名词性短语。近义短语，ozone hole臭氧空洞 10.Habitat Degradation:The deterioration of natural environments where organisms live. 生境退化，名词性短语。 11.Anthropogenic:Caused or influenced by human activities. 人类活动引起的，人类起源的。形容词。常见搭配：anthropogenic emissions人类排放 12.Resilience:The ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances or shocks. 恢复力，复原力。名词。常见短语：ecological resilience生态弹性(往往指的是生态系统自我的恢复能力，非人为的修复能力)ecological restoration生态恢复(往往指的是人类积极干预之后的恢复) 13.Conservation:The protection and preservation of natural resources and ecosystems. 保护，节约，禁止浪费。名词。常见搭配：water conservation节约用水，energy conservation能量守恒，节约能源 14.Acidification:The process by which water becomes more acidic due to increased levels of carbon dioxide. 酸化。名词。常见搭配：ocean acidification海洋酸化 15.Biodegradable:Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms. 可生物降解的。形容词。常见搭配：biodegradable plastic可生物分解塑料 16.Symbiosis:A mutually beneficial relationship between different species. 共生关系，互惠互利关系。可以指不同种群间的共生关系，也可以指不同族群间的互惠互利关系。 17.Eutrophication:The excessive richness of nutrients in a body of water,often leading to the depletion of oxygen and loss of aquatic life. 富营养化。名词。通常都是指一些水体的富营养化，例如赤潮现象。常见搭配：lake eutrophication湖泊富营养化，water eutrophication水体富营养化 18.Irreversible:Impossible to reverse or undo. 不可逆。形容词性。常见搭配：irreversible damage不可逆损伤 19.Resurgence:A revival or renewal,often referring to the recovery of a species or ecosystem. 复苏，复兴。名词。常见搭配：economic resurgence经济复苏 20.Eco-friendly:Products or practices that do not harm the environment. 对生态有好的，环保的。形容词。
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